It is best to add Fermaid K™ over two additions. The first addition is made at the end of the lag phase (6 to 12 hours after yeast inoculation). The second addition is made around 1/3 sugar depletion (the end of exponential growth and the beginning of the stationary phase).

With proper rehydration and handling, the yeast cell population should be at least 4 million cells/mL at inoculation. By the time the second Fermaid K™ addition is made, this population should have grown to about 100 million cells/mL.

It is critical to remember that yeast is still reproducing during the stationary phase and to do this effectively, especially in high sugar musts, they need oxygen as well as the components of Fermaid K™, including nitrogen (for protein synthesis), sterols and fatty acids (for maintaining alcohol resistance and permease activity).

In addition, the inactivated yeast cell walls in Fermaid K™ adsorb medium-chain fatty acids that are toxic to yeast and provide nucleation sites to help keep the yeast in suspension.

Dosage recommendations: Add 12.5 g/hL (1 lb/1000 gal) Fermaid K™ at the end of the lag phase (beginning of alcoholic fermentation), and add 12.5 g/hL (1 lb/1000 gal) Fermaid K™ around 1/3 sugar depletion.